Association of dietary inflammatory index, composite dietary antioxidant index, and frailty in elderly adults with diabetes.

Background: We aimed to examine the relationship of 2 dietary scores [dietary inflammatory index (DII) and composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI)] with frailty in elderly adults with diabetes.

Methods: Data were gathered from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2007 and 2018. The frailty index was calculated using 49 deficits across various systems to define frailty. To examine the relationship of 2 dietary scores (DII and CDAI) with frailty in elderly adults with diabetes, multiple logistic regression analyses were performed. In logistic regression model, DII and CDAI were calculated as both continuous and tertiles. Subgroup analyses were performed to demonstrate stability of results. Restricted cubic splines were utilized to examine the non-linear correlations.

Results: A total of 2,795 elderly adults with diabetes were included in this study. In the multivariate logistic regression model, the odds ratio (OR) of DII for risk of frailty was 1.08 (95% CI 1.02-1.15) and the OR of CDAI for risk of frailty was 0.96 (95% CI 0.93-0.99). The ORs of DII for risk of frailty were 1.36 (95% CI 1.09-1.70) and 1.33 (95% CI 1.04-1.70) for tertiles 2 and 3, respectively (p for trend 0.027). The ORs of CDAI for risk of frailty were 0.94 (95% CI 0.75-1.17) and 0.75 (95% CI 0.58-0.98) for tertiles 2 and 3, respectively (p for trend 0.036). The subgroup analysis demonstrated reliable and enduring connections between 2 dietary scores and frailty (all p for interaction > 0.05). In the restricted cubic spline analyses, we discovered the non-linear relationship between DII and frailty (P for nonlinearity = 0.045) and linear relationship between CDAI and frailty (P for nonlinearity = 0.769).

Conclusion: The research showed connections between 2 dietary scores (DII and CDAI) and frailty as measured by frailty index in elderly adults with diabetes.