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Quantification of Total Ketone Bodies in Biological Matrices Using Stable Isotope-Labeled Internal Standards and RP-UHPLC-MS/MS. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Traditional methods for quantifying these ketone bodies were limited, but new mass spectrometry techniques have improved this process significantly, though challenges remain with stable isotopes and distinguishing D-βOHB from similar compounds.
  • This text presents a detailed protocol for synthesizing stable isotope-labeled internal standards for AcAc and βOHB, along with a rapid analytical method that uses ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry to accurately measure total ketone body concentrations in different biological samples

Article Abstract

Acetoacetate (AcAc) and D-beta-hydroxybutyrate (D-βOHB), the two major ketone bodies found in circulation, are linked to multiple physiological and pathophysiological states. Therefore, analytical methodologies surrounding the quantification of total ketone body (TKB) concentrations in biological matrices are paramount. Traditional methods to quantify TKBs relied on indirect spectrophotometric assays with narrow dynamic ranges, which have been significantly improved upon by modern mass spectrometry (MS)-based approaches. However, the lack of stable isotope-labeled internal standards (ISs) for AcAc and the need to distinguish D-βOHB from its closely related structural and enantiomeric isomers pose significant obstacles. Here, we provide a protocol to synthesize and quantify a [C] stable isotope-labeled IS for AcAc, which, in conjunction with a commercially available [H] stable isotope-labeled IS for βOHB, allows TKBs to be measured across multiple biological matrices. This rapid (7 min) analysis employs reverse phase ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-UHPLC) coupled to tandem MS (MS/MS) to distinguish βOHB from three structural isomers using parallel reaction monitoring (PRM), providing excellent specificity and selectivity. Finally, a method is provided that distinguishes D-βOHB from L-βOHB using a simple one-step derivatization to produce the corresponding diastereomers, which can be chromatographically resolved using the same rapid RP-UHPLC separation with new PRM transitions. In summary, this method provides a rigorous analytical pipeline for the analysis of TKBs in biological matrices via leveraging two authentic stable isotope-labeled ISs and RP-UHPLC-MS/MS.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-4116-3_7DOI Listing

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