AI Article Synopsis
- - Heteromorphic sex chromosomes in multicellular eukaryotes determine sexual traits and reproductive roles, sometimes leading to dosage imbalances between sexes that are adjusted through dosage compensation (DC).
- - Advances in genomics have revealed new insights into DC mechanisms in insects beyond traditional models like Drosophila, highlighting variations across different insect orders.
- - The authors propose a new framework for identifying DC regulators in non-model insects by combining evolutionary, genomic, and functional methods to enhance our understanding of gene regulation evolution and its importance.
Article Abstract
In many multicellular eukaryotes, heteromorphic sex chromosomes are responsible for determining the sexual characteristics and reproductive functions of individuals. Sex chromosomes can cause a dosage imbalance between sexes, which in some species is re-equilibrated by dosage compensation (DC). Recent genomic advances have extended our understanding of DC mechanisms in insects beyond model organisms such as Drosophila melanogaster. We review current knowledge of insect DC, focusing on its conservation and divergence across orders, the evolutionary dynamics of neo-sex chromosomes, and the diversity of molecular mechanisms. We propose a framework to uncover DC regulators in non-model insects that relies on integrating evolutionary, genomic, and functional approaches. This comprehensive approach will facilitate a deeper understanding of the evolution and essentiality of gene regulatory mechanisms.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2024.08.010 | DOI Listing |
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