AI Article Synopsis
- Intestinal parasitic infections (IPI) pose a significant public health issue in developing countries, particularly affecting pregnant women, leading to serious complications like maternal anemia and low birth weight.
- * A study in Ibadan, Nigeria, examined 598 pregnant women in antenatal clinics to determine the prevalence of IPIs and associated risk factors, revealing a 16.1% infection rate with Ascaris lumbricoides being the most common.
- * Key factors influencing IPI infection included education level, maternal income, waste disposal methods, and age, with women aged 30-34 and those with a degree showing lower infection risks.
Article Abstract
Background: Intestinal parasitic infection (IPI) is a serious public health challenge often neglected in most developing countries. Pregnant women are a high-risk population for these infections which can result in adverse pregnancy outcomes such as maternal anaemia, preterm delivery and low birth weight.
Objective Of The Study: To assess the prevalence and factors associated with the risk of acquisition of intestinal parasitic infections among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in selected public hospitals in Ibadan, South Western Nigeria.
Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 598 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in selected public hospitals in Ibadan, South Western Nigeria. Five public hospitals were purposively selected based on their antenatal clinic client attendance before this study. Data was collected to assess sociodemographic characteristics, health-seeking behaviours, water sanitation and hygiene practices (WASH). Stool samples from each pregnant woman were examined for the presence of intestinal parasites by microscopy using the direct wet mount and Ziehl Neelsen staining technique.
Results: The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites was (96, 16.1%). Ascaris lumbricoides were the most prevalent parasites (68, 71.0%) followed by Enterobius vermicularis (16, 17.0%), Entamoeba histolytica (8,8.0%) and the least identified parasite was hookworm (4, 4.0%). At bivariate analysis level, level of education, maternal income and type of waste disposal system in use were significantly associated with IPI infection. Using multivariate logistic regression, the age range of 30-34 years (AOR= 0.24, CI 0.08, 0.70) and having a degree (AOR=0.21 CI 0.05-0.85) were independent predictors of IPIs.
Conclusion: This study highlights a high prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection among pregnant women in our setting. The main predictive factors were the educational status and age of the pregnant women. There is therefore need for continuous health education to prevent intestinal parasitic infections in the at-risk population.
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