The oral microbiota is the second largest microbial community in humans. It contributes considerably to microbial diversity and health effects, much like the gut microbiota. Despite physical and chemical barriers separating the oral cavity from the gastrointestinal tract, bidirectional microbial transmission occurs between the two regions, influencing overall host health. This review explores the intricate interplay of the oral-gut-brain axis, highlighting the pivotal role of the oral microbiota in systemic health and ageing, and how it can be influenced by diet. Recent research suggests a relationship between oral diseases, such as periodontitis, and gastrointestinal problems, highlighting the broader significance of the oral-gut axis in systemic diseases, as well as the oral-gut-brain axis in neurological disorders and mental health. Diet influences microbial diversity in the oral cavity and the gut. While certain diets/dietary components improve both gut and oral health, others, such as fermentable carbohydrates, can promote oral pathogens while boosting gut health. Understanding these dynamics is key for promoting a healthy oral-gut-brain axis through dietary interventions that support microbial diversity and mitigate age-related health risks.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu16183206 | DOI Listing |
CNS Neurosci Ther
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Periodontitis, a non-communicable chronic inflammation disease resulting from dysbiosis of the oral microbiota, has been demonstrated to have a positive association with the risk of ischemic stroke (IS). The major periodontal pathogens contribute to the progression of stroke-related risk factors such as obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and hypertension. Transcriptional changes in periodontitis pathogens have been detected in oral samples from stroke patients, suggesting a new conceptual framework involving microorganisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNo Shinkei Geka
November 2024
Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center.
Oral health is fundamentally linked to systemic health, with dental caries and periodontal diseases playing critical roles in the overall well-being. In Japan, a concerted effort to enhance oral health through a comprehensive initiative that started in 2024 emphasizes the prevention of oral diseases by fostering closer collaboration between medical and dental care providers. This initiative acknowledges the intricate connection between oral health and systemic conditions, including metabolic disorders and cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrients
September 2024
ASEAN Microbiome Nutrition Centre, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308433, Singapore.
Behav Brain Res
October 2024
Medical School of Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, China. Electronic address:
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease with complex pathogenesis and no effective treatment. Recent studies have shown that dysbiosis of the oral microflora is closely related to the development of PD. The abnormally distributed oral microflora of PD patients cause degenerative damage and necrosis of dopamine neurons by releasing their own components and metabolites, intervening in the oral-gut-brain axis, crossing the biofilm, inducing iron dysregulation, activating inter-microflora interactions, and through the mediation of saliva,ultimately influencing the development of the disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Psychiatry
December 2023
Department of Stomatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
With the global population undergoing demographic shift towards aging, the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a prominent neurodegenerative disorder that primarily afflicts individuals aged 65 and above, has increased across various geographical regions. This phenomenon is accompanied by a concomitant decline in immune functionality and oral hygiene capacity among the elderly, precipitating compromised oral functionality and an augmented burden of dental plaque. Accordingly, oral afflictions, including dental caries and periodontal disease, manifest with frequency among the geriatric population worldwide.
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