This paper discusses a case of neurotoxicity which developed in the course of treatment of bipolar affective disorder with Lithium. It deals with the issues of Lithium levels, concomitant usage of Phenothiazine and addresses the important question of toxicity occurring at normal serum Lithium levels.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674378503000615 | DOI Listing |
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
January 2025
Sun Yat-Sen University, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, CHINA.
The poor safety performance of high energy density lithium ion batteries (LIBs) is drawing increasing public concern. To enhance the safety performance on the battery level, it is indispensable to design safe electrolytes that are both non-flammable and low exothermic under abusive conditions. By rational design, a safe localize high concentration electrolyte (LHCE) with non-flammability and extremely low exothermicity is formulated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Mater
January 2025
Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Ningbo, 315201, China.
Reducing excess electrolytes offers a promising approach to improve the specific energy of electrochemical energy storage devices. However, using lean electrolytes presents a significant challenge for porous electrode materials due to heterogeneous wetting. The spontaneous wetting of nano- or meso-pores within particles, though seldom discussed, adversely affects wetting under lean electrolyte conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Robot AI
January 2025
School of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Introduction: The transition to electric vehicles (EVs) has highlighted the need for efficient diagnostic methods to assess the state of health (SoH) of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) at the end of their life cycle. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) offers a non-invasive technique for determining battery degradation. However, automating this process in industrial settings remains a challenge.
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January 2025
Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
The development of stable, high-performance electrolytes is essential to addressing the safety concerns and limited lifespan caused by the thermal and chemical instability of traditional organic carbonate-based electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). This study examined the potential of mixed solvent systems, specifically ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) and tetramethylene sulfone (TMS), to modify ion solvation and improve ionic conductivity in LIB electrolytes. Through molecular dynamics simulations, we investigated the solvation structure and transport properties of lithium ions (Li) in these solvent environments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnergy Environ Sci
December 2024
Institute of Chemical Science and Engineering, Station 6, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
This article aims to present the redox aspects of lithium-ion batteries both from a thermodynamic and from a conductivity viewpoint. We first recall the basic definitions of the electrochemical potential of the electron, and of the Fermi level for a redox couple in solutions. The Fermi level of redox solids such as metal oxide particles is then discussed, and a Nernst equation is derived for two ideal systems, namely an ideally homogenous phase where the oxidised and reduced metal ions are homogeneously distributed and two segregated phases where the oxidised and the reduced metal ions are separated in two distinct phases such as observed, for example, in biphasic lithium iron phosphate.
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