Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Affect Human Inner Ear Vascular Permeability.

Int J Mol Sci

Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.

Published: September 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • The blood-labyrinth barrier (BLB) is crucial for maintaining the ionic balance in the inner ear and preventing harmful substances from entering.
  • Recent studies have shown that dysregulation of BLB permeability is linked to various auditory issues, such as acoustic trauma and autoimmune diseases.
  • This study found that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) affect endothelial cells in the BLB, leading to increased permeability and changes in cell structure, suggesting a need for further research on NETs' role in auditory disorders.

Article Abstract

The integrity of the blood-labyrinth barrier (BLB) is essential for inner ear homeostasis, regulating the ionic composition of endolymph and perilymph and preventing harmful substance entry. Endothelial hyperpermeability, central in inflammatory and immune responses, is managed through complex intercellular communication and molecular signaling pathways. Recent studies link BLB permeability dysregulation to auditory pathologies like acoustic trauma, autoimmune inner ear diseases, and presbycusis. Polymorphonuclear granulocytes (PMNs), or neutrophils, significantly modulate vascular permeability, impacting endothelial barrier properties. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are involved in diseases with autoimmune and autoinflammatory bases. The present study evaluated the impact of NETs on a BLB cellular model using a Transwell setup. Our findings revealed a concentration-dependent impact of NETs on human inner ear-derived endothelial cells. In particular, endothelial permeability markers increased, as indicated by reduced transepithelial electrical resistance, enhanced dextran permeability, and downregulated junctional gene expression (, , and ). Changes in cytoskeletal architecture were also observed. These preliminary results pave the way for further research into the potential involvement of NETs in BLB impairment and implications for auditory disorders.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11431685PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25189766DOI Listing

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