The paper presents the results of studying the structure and phase state of tungsten and tungsten-copper alloy after pulsed action of compression plasma flows and irradiation with helium ions. The compression plasma flows were used to modify the surface layer of tungsten, as well as to create an alloy based on tungsten and copper. Using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray structural analysis, the formation of radiation defects on the tungsten surface was detected in the form of local areas of exfoliation and destruction, which begin to form at helium ion irradiation doses of 2 × 10 cm. It is shown that preliminary plasma treatment of the surface in the melting mode leads to the complete disappearance of surface radiation defects up to a dose of 2 × 10 cm, which may be associated with the formation of a fine-crystalline grain structure, the intergranular boundaries of which serve as effective sinks for primary radiation defects.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17184442 | DOI Listing |
Adv Sci (Weinh)
January 2025
State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials & College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
High-performance bulk graphite (HPBG) that simultaneously integrates superior electrical conductivity and excellent strength is in high demand, yet it remains critical and challenging. Herein a novel approach is introduced utilizing MOF-derived nanoporous metal/carbon composites as precursors to circumvent this traditional trade-off. The resulting bulk graphite, composed of densely packed multilayered graphene sheets functionalized with diverse cobalt forms (nanoparticles, single atoms, and clusters), exhibits unprecedented electrical conductivity in all directions (in-plane: 7311 S cm⁻¹, out-of-plane: 5541 S cm⁻¹) and excellent mechanical strength (flexural: 101.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
December 2024
Research Institute of Highway Ministry of Transport, Beijing 100088, China.
This study investigated the potential for efficient and resourceful utilization of phosphogypsum (PG) through the preparation of a High-volume Phosphogypsum Cement Stabilized Road Base (HPG-CSSB). The investigation analyzed the unconfined compressive strength (UCS), water stability, strength formation mechanism, microstructure, and pollutant curing mechanism of HPG-CSSB by laser diffraction methods (LD), X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The optimal mix ratio of HPG-CSSB was 4% cement, 1% CA2, 35% PG, and 60% graded crushed stone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
December 2024
Institute of Technology, University of the National Education Commission, Krakow, Podchorazych 2 Str., 30-084 Krakow, Poland.
This study examined the physical, mechanical, tribological, and corrosion properties of copper metal matrix composites reinforced with zirconium diboride (ZrB). Cu-xZrB composites (x = 0.5, 10, 15, 20 wt.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Omega
December 2024
Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman.
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have emerged as one of the most capable and interesting materials in recent decades and have extraordinary mechanical properties (MPs) and resourceful applications in bioengineering and medicine. Equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to investigate the structural and MPs of armchair, chiral, and semiconducting and metallic zigzag single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) under varying temperature (K) and compressive and tensile strains ±γ (%) with reactive bond-order potential. New results elaborate on the buckling and deformation mechanisms of the SWCNTs through deep analyses of density profiles, radial distribution functions, structural visualizations, and stress-strain interactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
November 2024
Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA.
In space plasmas, large-amplitude Alfvén waves can drive compressive perturbations, accelerate ion beams, and lead to plasma heating and the excitation of ion acoustic waves at kinetic scales. This energy channeling from fluid to kinetic scales represents a complementary path to the classical turbulent cascade. Here, we present observational and computational evidence to validate this hypothesis by simultaneously resolving the fluid-scale Alfvén waves, kinetic-scale ion acoustic waves, and their imprints on ion velocity distributions in the Earth's magnetopause boundary layer.
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