Evaluating public awareness and knowledge of multiple sclerosis in Tobruk, Libya: a comprehensive cross-sectional study.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and often disabling disease that impacts the central nervous system, leading to significant public health concerns. This study aimed to assess the level of awareness and knowledge of MS among the population of Tobruk, Libya.

Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Tobruk, Libya, during August 2023. A total of 1,427 participants were surveyed using the Multiple Sclerosis Knowledge Questionnaire (MSKQ-25). Data were collected via an online Google form and analyzed using RStudio and SPSS. The analysis included descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, t-tests, Mann-Whitney tests, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and Pearson's correlation coefficients.

Results: The study found a low level of MS awareness among participants, with a mean MSKQ-25 score of 8.32 ± 5.44. Significant differences in MS knowledge were observed between individuals with relatives who had MS and those without (p < 0.001), and between medical field students and students from other backgrounds (p < 0.001). No significant association was found between MS knowledge scores and marital status or educational levels. However, significant associations were observed between MS knowledge and age, gender, and financial status (p < 0.05 for all). The majority of participants lacked knowledge about genetics, etiology, and treatment of MS.

Conclusion: The findings highlight a critical need for comprehensive public outreach and education programs to improve MS awareness in Tobruk, Libya. Health education initiatives focused on MS are essential for increasing community knowledge, facilitating early detection, and improving disease management. Further research is needed to understand the reasons for misinformation and to develop strategies for increasing awareness across the country.