AI Article Synopsis

  • The study examines how traditional dietary assessments may fall short in accurately measuring children's intake of sweet and fatty snacks, which can contribute to obesity and health issues in childhood.
  • Researchers analyzed urine samples from children in two different cohorts to identify metabolite biomarkers that correlate with the consumption of snacks like chocolate, candy, and ice cream.
  • A total of 66 metabolites were linked to snack consumption, with associations found for specific types of snacks; however, many metabolites could not be specifically identified.

Article Abstract

Background: Intake of sweet and fatty snacks may partly contribute to the occurrence of obesity and other health conditions in childhood. Traditional dietary assessment methods may be limited in accurately assessing the intake of sweet and fatty snacks in children. Metabolite biomarkers may aid the objective assessment of children's food intake and support establishing diet-disease relationships.

Objectives: The present study aimed to identify biomarkers of sweet and fatty snack intake in 2 independent cohorts of European children.

Methods: We used data from the IDEFICS/I.Family cohort from baseline (2007/2008) and 2 follow-up examination waves (2009/2010 and 2013/2014). In total, 1788 urine samples from 599 children were analyzed for untargeted metabolomics using high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Short-term dietary intake was assessed by 24-h dietary recalls, and habitual dietary intake was calculated with the National Cancer Institute method. Data from the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinal Designed (DONALD) cohort of 24-h urine samples (n = 567) and 3-d weighted dietary records were used for external replication of results. Multivariate modeling with unbiased variable selection in R algorithms and linear mixed models were used to identify novel biomarkers. Metabolite features significantly associated with dietary intake were then annotated.

Results: In total, 66 metabolites were discovered and found to be statistically significant for chocolate candy; cakes, puddings, and cookies; candy and sweets; ice cream; and crisps. Most of the features (n = 62) could not be annotated. Short-term and habitual chocolate intake were positively associated with theobromine, xanthosine, and cyclo(L-prolyl-L-valyl). These results were replicated in the DONALD cohort. Short-term candy and sweet intake was negatively associated with octenoylcarnitine.

Conclusions: Of the potential metabolite biomarkers of sweet and fatty snacks in children, 3 biomarkers of chocolate intake, namely theobromine, xanthosine, and cyclo(L-prolyl-L-valyl), are externally replicated. However, these potential biomarkers require further validation in children.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11600116PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.09.026DOI Listing

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