[Neonatal epileptics syndromes].

Medicina (B Aires)

Servicio de Neuropediatría, Hospital Militar Central, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá, Colombia. E-mail:

Published: September 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • - Neonatal epileptic syndromes, part of genetic and metabolic epilepsies, are significant for early diagnosis and treatment despite being less common causes of neonatal seizures.
  • - These syndromes are categorized into self-limited neonatal syndromes, with seizures resolving in early life, and early infantile epileptic and developmental encephalopathies (EIDEE), which are typically resistant to treatment and impact development.
  • - The review focuses on describing the electroclinical characteristics, key genes involved, diagnostic methods, and recommended treatments for these neonatal epileptic syndromes.

Article Abstract

Neonatal epileptic syndromes are part of the genetic and metabolic epilepsies in this age group. Although they are not the most frequent cause of neonatal seizures, their early recognition allows for better diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. These syndromes can be classified into self-limited neonatal syndromes and early infantile epileptic and developmental encephalopathies (EIDEE). While they may share semiology in some types of seizures, such as sequential, and even share alterations in common genes in their etiology, their evolution is very different. In self-limited neonatal syndromes, seizures typically resolve within the first months of life with normal psychomotor development, giving rise to the term self-limited. However, the term benign should not be used as some may present recurrence of seizures, movement disorders, or learning disorders. In the case of EIDEE, seizures are usually refractory to treatment, affecting brain functions and neurodevelopment. In this review, our aim was to describe the electroclinical phenotype of neonatal epileptic syndromes, the most frequently involved genes and their clinical spectrum, their diagnostic approach, as well as the recommended treatments.

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