AI Article Synopsis
- Upper gastrointestinal bleeding can happen for two main reasons: non-variceal causes, which are less severe, and variceal causes, which are more serious and can cause problems like low blood pressure.
- Non-variceal bleeding often occurs because certain medications and infections make the stomach weaker, leading to issues like peptic ulcers.
- To figure out how serious the patient's situation is, doctors use a scoring system called the Glasgow Blatchford score, and those who are at high risk need quick treatment, including surgery if necessary.
Article Abstract
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) can be attributed to either non-variceal or variceal causes. The latter is more aggressive with hemodynamic instability secondary to decompensated cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Non-variceal UGIB (NVUGIB) occurs due to impaired gastroprotective mechanisms attributed to several drugs such as anticoagulants and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. infection contributes to the development of peptic ulcer bleeding as well. NVUGIB presentation can be either hemodynamically stable or unstable. During the initial assessment a scoring system including patient-related factors (current cardiac, renal, and liver diseases and hemodynamic and laboratory parameters) is used to determine the patient's prognosis. The Glasgow Blatchford score has been shown to be the most useful and precise. Those with high-risk NVUGIB require urgent assessment and upper endoscopy to achieve better short-term and long-term outcomes such as less hospitalization, blood transfusion, and surgery.
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|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11326108 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v12.i27.6007 | DOI Listing |
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