Globally increasing antibiotic resistance has been linked to the extensive use of antibiotics in medical, veterinary, and agricultural Practices. This study aims to investigate the correlations of antimicrobial-resistant of various pathogens in three compartments: humans, animals and the environment in India and Germany. A systematic search was carried out in Medline via PubMed, Google Scholar, and science direct, including studies published in 2022. Out of 532 papers, 24 were considered for meta-analysis. Our findings reveals that in India, β-lactam is highly resistant in animals. Quinolone, on the other hand, was highly resistant in humans. In the environmental sectors, aminoglycosides and β-lactams is resistant. While in Germany, β-lactam resistance is high across all three sectors. However, was the most frequent and resistant pathogen in both countries, with significant resistance to β-lactams and cephalosporins across all compartments. These results underscore the critical need for monitoring antibiotic resistance patterns and developing targeted antibiotic regimens. A One Health-based intervention strategy is essential to mitigate the spread of AMR and improve health outcomes globally.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37910 | DOI Listing |
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