Re-expansion pulmonary edema (REPE) and mucus plug-induced atelectasis are potential complications that clinicians should be aware of following chest tube placement for pneumothorax.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11421880PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcr2.70032DOI Listing

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Background: Aspergillus empyema due to rupture of a pulmonary cavity including an aspergilloma is a serious condition especially in immunocompromised patients with various co-morbidities. Open window thoracotomy is usually performed to control infection, followed by secondary myoplasty. However, such a two-stage strategy requires long treatment period and accompanies the invasiveness of multiple operations.

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Re-expansion pulmonary oedema (RPE) is an uncommon complication that occurs when a collapsed lung suddenly re-expands, resulting in an osmotic shift of fluid from the blood vessels into the air spaces within the lungs. This condition can develop following thoracocentesis or intercostal chest drainage. We report two cases of RPE that developed after varying volumes of pleural drainage and at different times.

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Streptococcus salivarius pneumonia-associated pneumomediastinum: a case report and literature review.

BMC Infect Dis

November 2024

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,Bishan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Bishan Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China.

Background: Streptococcus salivarius is an opportunistic pathogen, and there have been no reported cases of Streptococcus salivarius pneumonia to date. Pneumomediastinum is usually secondary to tracheal or esophageal injury and is very rare as a complication of pneumonia. We report a case of Streptococcus salivarius pneumonia complicated by pneumomediastinum, aiming to enhance clinicians' awareness of rare pathogens and uncommon complications in pneumonia.

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