Primary Anterior Sagittal Anorectoplasty Shift from Staged to Single-stage Procedure for Low Anorectal Malformations in Female Children: Our Initial Experience in Single Centre.

Background: Anorectal malformation (ARM) is a common congenital anomaly found in the paediatric age group. Previously, the repair of the vestibular fistula (VF) was performed as three-stage procedure with initial colostomy followed by a definite procedure and, lastly, colostomy closure. At present, a single-stage procedure is preferred, especially in lower anomalies owing to the convenient and time-saving approach.

Objective: The clinical profile and outcome of ASARP for treatment of ARM in females (vestibular anus and perineal fistula).

Methods: A retrospective analytical study was conducted at Government Medical College, Jammu. A total of 60 patients were included in the study.

Results: Most of the patients were in the age group of 1-5 years (30%), followed by 6 months-1 year age group (25%). Forty-five (75%) females had VF while 15 (25%) had perineal fistula. Intraoperative complication was vaginal tear seen in 6 (10%) patients followed by rectal tear seen in 3 (5%) patients. Early post-operative complications were seen in 9 (15%) patients. Wound infection was the most common complication seen in 5 (8.3%) patients, wound dehiscence in 3 (5%) patients and retraction of rectum in 1 (1.6%) patient. Late post-operative complications were seen in 24 (40%) patients. Perineal excoriation was the most common complication seen in 6 (10%) patients, constipation seen in 5 (8.3%) patients, anal stenosis in 4 (6.6%) patients and mucosal prolapse in 4 (6.6%) patients.

Conclusion: The single-staged ASARP procedure resulted in satisfactory outcomes. It is an excellent procedure for females with VF and perineal fistula. Appropriate selection, preparation of patient, optimal correction with minimal sphincter damage and needful post-operative care of wound give excellent cosmetic and functional outcomes in terms of continence. It also decreases the burden on treating the surgeon, family and psychological stress on the patients and parents.