Connectomic analysis of taste circuits in .

Our sense of taste is critical for regulating food consumption. The fruit fly represents a highly tractable model to investigate mechanisms of taste processing, but taste circuits beyond sensory neurons are largely unidentified. Here, we use a whole-brain connectome to investigate the organization of taste circuits. We trace pathways from four populations of sensory neurons that detect different taste modalities and project to the subesophageal zone (SEZ). We find that second-order taste neurons are primarily located within the SEZ and largely segregated by taste modality, whereas third-order neurons have more projections outside the SEZ and more overlap between modalities. Taste projections out of the SEZ innervate regions implicated in feeding, olfactory processing, and learning. We characterize interconnections between taste pathways, identify modality-dependent differences in taste neuron properties, and use computational simulations to relate connectivity to predicted activity. These studies provide insight into the architecture of taste circuits.