Cold exposure accelerates lysine catabolism to promote cold acclimation via remodeling hepatic histone crotonylation.

Environ Int

Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China. Electronic address:

Published: October 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • Cold weather can be really bad for our health, causing problems like heart attacks and frostbite, so it's important to adapt to the cold.
  • Scientists wanted to find out which specific amino acids help our bodies adjust to cold temperatures.
  • They discovered that lysine is super important for helping the body stay warm when it’s cold and that it helps improve how our cells work in the cold.

Article Abstract

Background: Cold environments pose serious threats on human health, with increased risk for myocardial infarction, stroke, frostbite, and hypothermia. Acquired cold acclimation is required to minimize cold-induced injures and to improve metabolic health. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated.

Objective: We aimed to identify critical amino acids involved in cold acclimation and unmask the regulatory mechanisms.

Methods: A total of twenty male participants were recruited and followed up after 3 months' natural cold exposure. Cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD) tests and clinical biochemical analysis were performed at baseline and after 3-months cold exposure, whilst blood samples were collected, and plasma amino acids were analyzed by targeted metabolomics. To further confirm the effect of lysine on cold tolerance and explain the latent mechanism, mice were challenged with chronic cold exposure for 7 days with lysine supplement, then core and local surface temperature as well as thermogenesis activity were detected.

Results: Continuous cold exposure shortened the CIVD onset time and increased the average finger temperature. Levels of the plasma lysine and glycine were decreased in both humans and mice. Venn analysis from three datasets revealed that lysine was the only significantly changed plasma amino acid, which strongly correlated with the altered CIVD. Moreover, mice sustained a relatively higher core temperature and surface temperature in the back, tail and paws upon lysine supplementation. Furthermore, lysine supplementation increased the level of histone H3K18cr and promoted the gene and protein expression of Cpt1a, Cpt2 and Cyp27a1 in liver.

Conclusion: Our work identified lysine as a critical amino acid for the remodeling of hepatic histone crotonylation that facilitates cold acclimation.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2024.109015DOI Listing

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