Oral toxicity of the acetone extract of Coffea arabica var. Oro Azteca leaves in CD-1 mice.

The investigation of coffee leaves as a source of bioactive principles represents a relatively unexplored area of research. The study assesses the potential adverse effects of an aqueous acetone extract derived from Coffea arabica var. Oro Azteca leaves. The phenolic composition of the extract was identified and quantified by UPLC-MS/MS, and its acute and repeated-dose effects were evaluated in six-week-old CD-1 mice (n = 11 for acute evaluation and n = 20 female and n = 20 male for repeated-dose evaluation). The extract demonstrated no significant toxicity, maintaining consistent body weight and exhibiting a hepatoprotective effect by reducing ALT levels at a dose of 500 mg/kg. Some hyperactivity was observed at the highest doses, but overall, the extract enhanced the immune response and showed no histological alterations, except for mild inflammation in certain organs. The extract, which contains abundant quinic acid, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, procyanidin B2, and mangiferin, has been deemed safe for consumption.