Prognostic impact of invariant natural killer T cells in solid and hematological tumors; systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are an immune subset that purportedly link the adaptive and the innate arms of the immune system. Importantly, iNKT cells contribute to anti-cancer immunity in different types of hematological and solid malignancies by secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, using such cells in treating different type of tumors would be an ideal candidate for cancer immunotherapy.

Objective: To assess the prognostic effect of iNKT cells across different types of solid and hematological tumors.

Methods: In systematic review and meta-analysis, articles assessed the prognostic effect of iNKT cells were systemically searched using the scientific databases including Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Cochrane Central, and Scopus.

Results: Strikingly, the analysis showed the positive impact of intratumoral or circulating iNKT cells on the survival rate in patients with all studied tumors with overall effect of a pooled hazard ratio of 0.89 (95% CI 0.81 to 0.98; p= 0.01). A highly statistical heterogeneity was noted between studied tumor with I2 = 87%; p= 0.00001.

Conclusions: Taken together, this study would present a new insight into the impact of iNKT cells correlate with caner patients' survival rate and how such cells would be used as a therapeutic target in these patients.