Dysregulation of a novel m6A regulator YWHAG is correlated with metastasis and poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma - A cross-sectional study.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the role of a novel m6A and cell cycle regulator YWHAG in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) by analyzing its expression and functional implications.

Design: Tumor samples (n = 51) and adjacent non-tumor samples (n = 38) were collected from patients with OSCC, and cell lines were processed. YWHAG mRNA expression was assessed using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis. Various tools, such as UALCAN, Protein-Atlas analysis, TIMER 2.0, and other in silico tools, were used to explore clinicopathological correlations, protein expression, immune cell infiltration, and functional associations of YWHAG.

Results: YWHAG mRNA and protein expression were significantly upregulated in OSCC tumor tissues and OSCC cell lines compared to non-tumor tissues and normal cells (p < 0.001). High YWHAG expression significantly correlated with advanced tumor stage, higher grade, lymph node metastasis, and poor prognosis (p < 0.05). Functional analysis revealed that YWHAG is associated with pathways involved in aggressive cancer progression. YWHAG expression positively correlated with its target gene CTTN expression, which was also upregulated in OSCC and associated with poor prognosis (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: Study findings indicate that YWHAG may contribute to the progression of OSCC and could be a potential therapeutic target or prognostic biomarker. Further investigation is necessary to understand the underlying mechanisms and assess the clinical implications of YWHAG dysregulation in OSCC.