This research investigates the impact of dynamic, time-varying interactions on cooperative behavior in social dilemmas. Traditional research has focused on deterministic rules governing pairwise interactions, yet the impact of interaction frequency and synchronization in groups on cooperation remains underexplored. Addressing this gap, our work introduces two temporal interaction mechanisms to model the stochastic or periodic participation of individuals in public goods games, acknowledging real-life variances due to exogenous temporal factors and geographical time differences. We consider that the interaction state significantly influences both game payoff calculations and the strategy updating process, offering new insights into the emergence and sustainability of cooperation. Our results indicate that maximum game participation frequency is suboptimal under a stochastic interaction mechanism. Instead, an intermediate activation probability maximizes cooperation, suggesting a vital balance between interaction frequency and inactivity security. Furthermore, local synchronization of interactions within specific areas is shown to be beneficial, as time differences hinder the spread of cross-structures but promote the formation of dense cooperative clusters with smoother boundaries. We also note that stronger clustering in networks, larger group sizes, and lower noise increase cooperation. This research contributes to understanding the role of node-based temporality and probabilistic interactions in social dilemmas, offering insights into fostering cooperation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.110.024210 | DOI Listing |
Environ Res
December 2024
Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3451 Walnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; The Center of Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Blvd, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Blvd, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Rationale: Ambient air pollution (AAP) is linked to asthma outcomes, but predicting individual risk remains challenging. Understanding genetic contributors to AAP sensitivity may help overcome this gap.
Objectives: To determine if single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with AAP sensitivity in children with asthma.
J Hazard Mater
December 2024
Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
Heavy metals (HMs) exert a profound influence on soil carbon storage potential. The microbially-mediated association between HM content and carbon structure in riverine sediments remains unclear in lotic ecosystems. We investigated the spatiotemporal variations of HMs content, carbon content and microbial communities in riverine surface sediments, and further explored the chemical structure of sediment organic carbon (OC), the molecular composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM), and their interactions with microorganisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Stimul
December 2024
Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, Hamburg 20246, Germany; Hamburg Center of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, Hamburg 20246, Germany.
Background: Previous research has shown that temporal prediction processes are associated with phase resets of low-frequency delta oscillations in a network of parietal, sensory and frontal areas during non-rhythmic sensory stimulation. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) modulates perceptually relevant brain oscillations in a frequency and phase-specific manner, allowing the assessment of their functional qualities in certain cognitive functions like temporal prediction.
Objective: We addressed the relation between oscillatory activity and temporal prediction by using tACS to manipulate brain activity in a sinusoidal manner.
Methods Mol Biol
December 2024
INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Methods for the precise temporal control of cell surface receptor activation are indispensable for the investigation of signaling processes in mammalian cells. Optogenetics enables such precise control, but its application in primary cells is limited by the imperative for genetic manipulation of target cells. We here describe a method that overcomes this obstacle and enables the precise activation of the T cell receptor in nongenetically engineered human T cells by light.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMethods Mol Biol
December 2024
Department of Ecophysiology, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany.
Gram-negative bacteria can use the type III secretion system (T3SS) to inject effector proteins into eukaryotic target cells. In this chapter, we describe the application of a light-controlled T3SS, based on the targeted sequestration of an essential dynamic T3SS component with the help of optogenetic interaction switches. This method enables to control the secretion or injection into eukaryotic cells for a wide range of protein cargos with high temporal and spatial precision.
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