Effect of Small Doses of Azithromycin on Pulmonary Ventilation Function and Inflammatory Factors IL-6, IL-13 in Children with Bronchial Asthma.

Objective: To observe the effect of low-dose azithromycin on pulmonary ventilation function and inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-13 in children with bronchial asthma.

Methods: A total of 80 children with asthma in Pediatric Medicine affiliated to Taizhou Women and Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from January 2019 to December 2022 were selected and divided into control group (42 cases) and study group (38 cases). The control group regularly inhaled Salmeterol Xinafoate and Fluticasone Propionate inhalation, while the study group was additionally given low-dose azithromycin. After four weeks of treatment, pulmonary function tests including FEV1, FVC were performed and inflammatory indicators including CRP, FeNO, IL-6, IL-13 were measured. The occurrence of adverse reactions during treatment was recorded.

Results: Pulmonary function tests including FEV1%, FEV1/FVC% were improved in all subjects, and the improvement of pulmonary function was more significant in the study group (<0.05). The levels of CRP, FeNO, IL-6 and IL-13 were decreased in the two groups, especially in the study group (<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse drug reactions between the two groups (>0.05).

Conclusion: Low-dose azithromycin can significantly improve the pulmonary function in children with bronchial asthma, reduce the levels of inflammatory factors, control airway mucus secretion and inflammation, and can be used to treat chronic lung diseases such as bronchial asthma.