Cash transfer policies have been widely discussed as mechanisms to curb intergenerational transmission of socioeconomic disadvantage. In this paper, we take advantage of a large casino-funded family transfer program introduced in a Southeastern American Indian Tribe to generate difference-in-difference estimates of the link between children's cash transfer exposure and third grade math and reading test scores of their offspring. Here we show greater math (0.25 standard deviation [SD], p =.0148, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.05, 0.45) and reading (0.28 SD, p = .0066, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.49) scores among American Indian students whose mother was exposed ten years longer than other American Indian students to the cash transfer during her childhood (or relative to the non-American Indian student referent group). Exploratory analyses find that a mother's decision to pursue higher education and delay fertility appears to explain some, but not all, of the relation between cash transfers and children's test scores. In this rural population, large cash transfers have the potential to reduce intergenerational cycles of poverty-related educational outcomes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-52428-w | DOI Listing |
Int J Circumpolar Health
December 2025
Pediatric Medicine Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Associate Professor of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
We aimed to characterise the medical and social complexities experienced by Inuit children and their families from Nunavut who were cared for at a general paediatrics clinic at an urban tertiary-level hospital located in Eastern Ontario. A retrospective chart review of this cohort was completed between 2016 and 2019. Two independent reviewers extracted data from charts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealth Serv Res
January 2025
Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
Objective: To examine the extent of segregation between hospitals for Medicare beneficiaries by race, ethnicity, and dual-eligible status over time.
Data Sources And Study Setting: We used Medicare inpatient hospital provider data for fee-for-service (FFS) beneficiaries, and the Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care from 2013 to 2021 nationwide, for hospital referral regions (HRRs), and for and hospital service areas (HSAs).
Study Design: We conducted time trend analysis with dissimilarity indices (DIs) for Black (DI-Black), Hispanic (DI-Hispanic), non-White (including Black, Hispanic, and other non-White) (DI-non-White), and dual-eligible (DI-Dual) beneficiaries.
Cancers (Basel)
December 2024
Division of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation therapy is a common minimally invasive treatment for patients diagnosed with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Although previous studies have identified a link between RAI and the mortality from secondary solid cancers, the connection between RAI and leukemia remains under-researched. This study investigated the differential risk of leukemia and its subtypes in DTC patients following RAI treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Med
January 2025
Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Deaths of parents and grandparent caregivers threaten child well-being owing to losses of care, financial support, safety and family stability, but are relatively unrecognized as a public health crisis. Here we used cause-specific vital statistics death registrations in a modeling approach to estimate the full magnitude of orphanhood incidence and prevalence among US children aged 0-17 years between 2000 and 2021 by cause, child age, race and ethnicity, sex of deceased parent and state, and also accounted for grandparent caregiver loss using population survey data. In 2021, we estimate that 2.
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