AI Article Synopsis
- Chewing areca nuts is common in China, but the major toxic compounds, areca alkaloids, raise health concerns. !*
- A study analyzed four areca alkaloids in 119 samples and collected 3030 questionnaires to assess exposure levels among the Chinese population. !*
- Results showed significant variations in alkaloid content and estimated daily intake, particularly for young males, highlighting the need for public education on the health risks associated with areca nut consumption. !*
Article Abstract
Unlabelled: Chewing areca nuts is popular in China. Areca alkaloids are the major toxic compounds in areca nuts. In this study, the levels of four areca alkaloids (i.e. arecoline, arecaidine, guvacoline and guvacine) in 119 areca nut samples were analyzed and 3030 areca nut consumption questionnaires were collected to investigate the exposure to areca alkaloids in the Chinese populations through areca nut chewing. The levels of arecoline, arecaidine, guvacoline and guvacine in different areca nut products were 0.46-4.97 mg/g, 0.57-7.51 mg/g, 0.08-1.44 mg/g and 0.03-8.48 mg/g, respectively. Chewing fresh areca fruits was the main source of arecoline and the total areca alkaloids exposure. The estimated daily intake (EDI) of arecoline and the total areca alkaloids for the Chinese populations were 1.126 and 2.625 mg/kg BW/day for average exposure, 4.411 and 9.739 mg/kg BW/day for high exposure (P95th). The EDI varied with age and gender. The young male population (≤ 34 years) had the highest EDI than other populations. Concentrated and focused efforts are required to educate the general public, especially the young male population, about the risks of areca nut chewing to reduce exposure to areca alkaloids of the Chinese population.
Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13197-024-05966-6.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11401816 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13197-024-05966-6 | DOI Listing |
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