Follicular helper (Tfh), peripheral helper (Tph), and regulatory (Treg) T cells are involved in myasthenia gravis (MG) pathogenesis, an autoimmune disorder arising from autoantibodies targeting neuromuscular junction proteins. This study explores the impact of low-dose IL-2 on Tfh, Tph, and Treg cells in vitro in MG. Acetylcholine-receptor antibody-positive MG (AChR-MG), muscle-specific kinase antibody-positive MG (MuSK-MG) patients, and healthy controls (HC) were studied. Blood cells were cultured with/without IL-2 and compared by the ratios of IL-2 stimulated/unstimulated cultures. In both AChR-MG and MuSK-MG patients, CD25FoxP3Tregs were lower, while CXCR5PD-1 or ICOSTfh and CXCR5PD-1 or ICOSTph cells were higher compared with HC. Among the MG group, the FoxP3 Treg cells in AChR-MG patients were even lower compared with MuSK-MG patients. In vitro IL-2 stimulation increased Tregs in all groups while decreasing PD-1/ICOSTfh and PD-1/ICOSTph populations. The fold-increase ratio of Tregs and the fold-decrease ratio of PD-1 or ICOSTfh and ICOSTph cells in AChR-MG and MuSK-MG patients were greater than in HCs. Low-dose IL-2 treatment may balance Tfh, Tph, and Treg cells in MG patients, offering a potential opportunity for disease modulation.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eji.202451268 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Depletion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells sensitizes murine multiple myeloma to PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors.
J Immunother Cancer
January 2025
Center for Translational Research in Hematologic Malignancies, Houston Methodist Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
Background: Cancer immunotherapy using immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has revolutionized cancer treatment. However, patients with multiple myeloma (MM) rarely respond to ICB. Accumulating evidence indicates that the complicated tumor microenvironment (TME) significantly impacts the efficacy of ICB therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpatial and single-cell transcriptomics reveal cellular heterogeneity and a novel cancer-promoting Treg cell subset in human clear-cell renal cell carcinoma.
J Immunother Cancer
January 2025
National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common histologic type of RCC. However, the spatial and functional heterogeneity of immunosuppressive cells and the mechanisms by which their interactions promote immunosuppression in the ccRCC have not been thoroughly investigated.
Methods: To further investigate the cellular and regional heterogeneity of ccRCC, we analyzed single-cell and spatial transcriptome RNA sequencing data from four patients, which were obtained from samples from multiple regions, including the tumor core, tumor-normal interface, and distal normal tissue.
Elevated IL-17A-Secreting Regulatory T Cells in Sinonasal Tissues of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps.
Inflammation
January 2025
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dankook University College of Medicine, 201 Manghyang-Ro, Dongnam-Gu, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
During nasal polyp (NP) development, activated T cells differentiate into T helper (Th) 1, Th2, and Th17 cells. Additionally, regulatory T cells (Tregs) that have an immune suppressive function are involved in the pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with NP (CRSwNP). Tregs can act as effector cells that produce inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-17A.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFN6-methyladenosine modification of 3'tRF-AlaAGC impairs PD-1 blockade efficacy by promoting lactic acid accumulation in the tumor microenvironment of gastric carcinoma.
Drug Resist Updat
December 2024
Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China. Electronic address:
The balance between CD8 T cells and regulatory T (Treg) cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in the immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) therapy in gastric carcinoma (GC). However, related factors leading to the disturbance of TME and resistance to ICI therapy remain unknown. In this study, we applied N6-methyladenosine (m6A) small RNA Epitranscriptomic Microarray and screened out 3'tRF-AlaAGC based on its highest differential expression level and lowest inter-group variance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMitochondrial DNA lineages determine tumor progression through T cell reactive oxygen signaling.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is highly polymorphic, and host mtDNA variation has been associated with altered cancer severity. To determine the basis of this mtDNA-cancer association, we analyzed conplastic mice with the C57BL/6J (B6) nucleus but two naturally occurring mtDNA lineages, and , where mitochondria generate more oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)-derived reactive oxygen species (mROS). In a cardiac transplant model, Foxp3+ T regulatory (Treg) cells supported long-term allograft survival, whereas Treg cells failed to suppress host T effector (Teff) cells, leading to acute rejection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!