Chlorfenapyr, an arylpyrrole-based insecticide, disrupts mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to deprive the target organism of energy. Chlorfenapyr poisoning in humans causes distinct clinical signs such as hyperhidrosis, malignant hyperthermia, rhabdomyolysis, and delayed neurological symptoms that worsen over time and can be fatal. When treating acute chlorfenapyr poisoning, physicians must consider the latent period and not assume that a patient is safe after an initial response to treatment. It is important to take measures before sudden, fatal symptoms appear. This paper presents three cases of chlorfenapyr poisoning as a warning for physicians to understand its clinical course and treatment.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.101703 | DOI Listing |
Front Neurol
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Background: Emamectin·chlorfenapyr is a compound comprising chlorfenapyr and emamectin benzoate that is widely used in agriculture. Chlorfenapyr toxicity has been verified in animals; however, its true mechanism and progression in humans remain to be elucidated. Cases of emamectin·chlorfenapyr poisoning are seldom.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Toxicol Sci
December 2024
Department of Hematology/Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China.
Chlorfenapyr is a novel pyrrole compound with the chemical formula C15H11BrClF3N2O, exhibiting potent insecticidal and acaricidal effects. It primarily acts on the multi-functional oxidases in the mitochondria of insects, inhibiting the conversion of adenosine diphosphate to adenosine triphosphate, leading to cellular dysfunction due to energy depletion. With increased production and market availability, the population's exposure to chlorfenapyr has risen, resulting in a growing number of fatal poisoning incidents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi
October 2024
Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Toxicol Rep
December 2024
Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, China.
Arch Toxicol
November 2024
Department of Emergency Medicine, Institute of Disaster Medicine, Institute of Emergency Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
Chlorfenapyr is a novel broad-spectrum insecticide derived from natural pyrrole derivatives produced by Streptomyces spp. It acts as a pro-insecticide and is metabolically converted to the active metabolite, tralopyril. Chlorfenapyr poisoning is known for its delayed neurological symptoms and high mortality.
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