Factors Influencing Herpes Zoster Vaccine Utilization Among Adults Aged 50 and Above Attending Primary Healthcare Center in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: Herpes zoster, or shingles, is a significant health concern for older adults caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) reactivation. The availability of effective herpes zoster vaccines offers a crucial preventive measure to reduce the incidence and severity of this condition. However, the uptake of the available vaccine remains suboptimal, especially among adults aged 50 and above. Understanding the factors that influence vaccine utilization is not only essential for developing strategies to improve vaccination rates but also has the potential to significantly reduce the disease burden.

Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to identify factors influencing herpes zoster vaccine utilization among adults aged 50 and above attending primary healthcare center in Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire administered to visitors attending Al-Wazarat Primary Healthcare Center in Riyadh. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to analyze the data.

Results: A total of 403 participants were included in the study, with 73.7% of participants having heard of the disease, yet only 34.2% had received the vaccine. Vaccine uptake was significantly associated with gender, educational level, and healthcare provider recommendations. Common barriers to vaccination included fear of side effects, lack of perceived susceptibility, concerns about vaccine effectiveness, and access to healthcare facilities.

Conclusion: Herpes zoster vaccine utilization among older adults in Saudi Arabia is relatively low despite moderate awareness. Enhancing public education through targeted campaigns and strengthening healthcare provider recommendations are crucial to improving vaccine uptake. Addressing specific barriers and misconceptions is essential to reduce the burden of herpes zoster in this population. The need for future research to explore strategies to overcome these challenges and promote higher vaccination rates is urgent and important.