Software-Defined Networking (SDN) has revolutionized network management by providing unprecedented flexibility, control, and efficiency. However, its centralized architecture introduces critical security vulnerabilities. This paper introduces a novel approach to securing SDN environments using IOTA 2.0 smart contracts. The proposed system utilizes the IOTA Tangle, a directed acyclic graph (DAG) structure, to improve scalability and efficiency while eliminating transaction fees and reducing energy consumption. We introduce three smart contracts: Authority, Access Control, and DoS Detector, to ensure trusted and secure network operations, prevent unauthorized access, maintain the integrity of control data, and mitigate denial-of-service attacks. Through comprehensive simulations using Mininet and the ShimmerEVM IOTA Test Network, we demonstrate the efficacy of our approach in enhancing SDN security. Our findings highlight the potential of IOTA 2.0 smart contracts to provide a robust, decentralized solution for securing SDN environments, paving the way for the further integration of blockchain technologies in network management.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24175716 | DOI Listing |
Electronic health records are one of the essential components of health organizations. In recent years, there have been increased concerns about privacy and reputation regarding the storage and use of patient information. In this regard, the information provided as a part of medical and health insurance, for instance, can be viewed as proof of social insurance and governance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemistry
December 2024
Qingdao University, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanding, CHINA.
Photomechanical crystals act as light-driven material-machines that can convert the energy carried by photons into kinetic energy via shape deformation or displacement, and this capability holds a paramount significance for the development of photoactuated devices. This transformation is usually attributed to anisotropic expansion or contraction of the unit cell engendered by light-induced structural modifications that lead to accumulation and release of stress that generates a momentum, resulting in readily observable mechanical effects. Among the available photochemical processes, the photoinduced [2+2] and [4+4] are known for their robustness, predictability, amenability for control with molecular and supramolecular engineering approaches, and efficiency that has already been elevated to a proof-of-concept smart devices based on organic crystals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMacromol Rapid Commun
December 2024
Eye Center, Affiliated Second Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
Poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAm)-based smart hydrogels are widely employed in emerging applications such as drug delivery and tissue engineering, because their lower critical solution temperature (LCST) is close to physiological conditions. However, the dense chain collapse during the thermo-responsive phase transition restricts water diffusion, resulting in limited volumetric change. Here, a pure PNIPAm hydrogel that achieves a large-scale volume transition by incorporating PNIPAm microgels, is presented.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle
December 2024
Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea.
Background: Muscle atrophy, including glucocorticoid-induced muscle wasting from treatments such as dexamethasone (DEX), results in significant reductions in muscle mass, strength and function. This study investigates the potential of lonafarnib, a farnesyltransferase inhibitor, to counteract DEX-induced muscle atrophy by targeting key signalling pathways.
Methods: We utilized in vitro models with C2C12 myotubes treated with DEX and in vivo models with Caenorhabditis elegans and DEX-treated Sprague-Dawley rats.
Sensors (Basel)
December 2024
School of Computing, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea.
In the dynamic landscape of the tech industry, the escalating requirement for swift and secure data transmission has catalyzed innovation in integrated communication systems. Free-Space Optics (FSOs) has emerged as a promising contender in optical communications. While conventional optical fiber systems can achieve bit rates of up to 40 Gbps with proper design, they are limited primarily by electronics rather than semiconductor laser capabilities.
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