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The critical need for expert oversight of ChatGPT: Prompt engineering for safeguarding child healthcare information. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study investigates the effectiveness and trustworthiness of health information generated by ChatGPT compared to that created by human experts, focusing on parents' perspectives.
  • 116 parents participated in the study, assessing their intentions towards pediatric healthcare topics after reviewing information from both sources.
  • Results show that ChatGPT, with expert supervision, was similarly persuasive to expert-generated content and was even rated higher in trustworthiness and accuracy, highlighting the need for human expertise in health-related AI outputs.

Article Abstract

Objective: ChatGPT and other large language models have the potential to transform the health information landscape online. However, lack of domain-specific expertise and known errors in large language models raise concerns about the widespread adoption of content generated by these tools for parents making healthcare decisions for their children. The aim of this study is to determine if health-related text generated by ChatGPT under the supervision of an expert is comparable to that generated by an expert regarding persuasiveness and credibility from the perspective of a parent.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study 116 parents aged 18-65 years (M = 45.02, SD = 10.92) were asked to complete a baseline assessment of their behavioral intentions regarding pediatric healthcare topics. Subsequently, participants were asked to rate text generated by either an expert or by ChatGPT under supervision of an expert.

Results: Results indicate that prompt engineered ChatGPT is capable of impacting behavioral intentions for medication, sleep, and diet decision-making. Additionally, there was little distinction between prompt engineered ChatGPT and content experts on perceived morality, trustworthiness, expertise, accuracy, and reliance. Notably, when differences were present, prompt engineered ChatGPT was rated as higher in trustworthiness and accuracy, and participants indicated they would be more likely to rely on the information presented by prompt engineered ChatGPT compared to the expert.

Discussion: Given that parents will trust and rely on information generated by ChatGPT, it is critically important that human domain-specific expertise be applied to healthcare information that will ultimately be presented to consumers (e.g., parents).

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsae075DOI Listing

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