Photolithography-Free, Solution-Processable Perovskite Electrodes for High-Performance Organic Transistors.

Solution-processable electrodes are promising for next-generation electronics due to their simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and potential for large-area fabrication. However, current solution-processable electrodes based on conductive polymers, carbon-based compounds, and metal nanowires face challenges related to stability, patterning, and production scalability. Here we introduce a novel approach using 3D tin halide perovskites (THPs) combined with a photolithography-free solution patterning technique to fabricate solution-processed electrodes. We demonstrate the preparation of highly conductive CsSnI films (234.9 S cm) and the fabrication of patterned 35 × 35 perovskite electrode arrays on a 4-in. silicon wafer. These electrodes, used as source/drain electrodes in organic transistors, resulted in devices showing high uniformity and stability. This electrode fabrication strategy is also applicable to other 3D THPs like FASnI and MASnI, showcasing versatility for diverse applications. The results highlight the feasibility and advantages of using 3D THPs as solution-processable electrodes, providing a new material system for the advancement of solution-processed electronics.