AI Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to investigate the role of immunological markers in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and accompanying health issues by comparing two groups: one with OSA and one without.
- Results showed higher levels of certain markers (GFAP, BDNF, antibodies to acetylcholine receptors) and indicators of depression and drowsiness in OSA patients, suggesting cognitive impairments linked to these markers.
- The findings indicate that neuromarkers like GFAP and BDNF are associated with cognitive dysfunction in OSA, with elevated acetylcholine receptor antibodies possibly pointing to neuromuscular issues and emotional problems, particularly depression and fatigue, worsening as OSA severity increases.
Article Abstract
Objective: To determine the significance of immunological markers in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and comorbid pathology.
Material And Methods: Sixty-five patients were examined. Two groups of patients were distinguished: the main group with moderate and severe OSA and the control group without OSA. The subjects underwent anthropometry, polysomnography, assessment of cognitive and emotional disorders. Glial fibrillar acidic protein (GFAP), antibodies against NR1-NR2 subunits of NMDA receptors (AT to GRIN2A) and the acetylcholine receptor (AT to AChR), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were studied by enzyme immunoassay.
Results: In patients with OSA, indicators of markers: GFAP (=0.017), BDNF (=0.006), antibodies to AChR (=0.002), as well as chronic cerebral ischemia (=0.000), depression on the HADS (=0.004) and the Beck scale (=0.000), drowsiness on the Epworth scale (=0.001), asthenia on the visual analogue scale (=0.000) and the MFI 20 (=0.013) were higher than in the control group. A relationship was established in the main group between the identified subjective disorders on the Mini-Mental State Examination scale (MMSE) and BDNF (=0.302, =0.014) and the average score on the MMSE and BDNF (=-0.266, =0.032).
Conclusion: The results demonstrate the relationship of neurospecific proteins with cognitive impairment in patients with OSA. The neuromarker GFAP in patients with sleep apnea has shown itself to be a predictor of decreased neurogenesis, and BDNF as a representative marker of neuroplasticity. Large values of AT to AChR in patients with OSA may indicate possible neuromuscular transmission disorders. Along with drowsiness and asthenia, patients with OSA have changes in the emotional background, mainly due to depression. The severity of depression and the severity of asthenia increase with increasing severity of apnea and are probably associated with low levels of saturation, which in turn leads to dysregulation of the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and amygdala.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/jnevro202412408147 | DOI Listing |
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