Thio-benzothioxanthene imide (BTXI) exhibits long excited state lifetime ( = 17.7 μs) and high ISC efficiency ( = 97%). For the first time, BTXI derivatives were used as photosensitizers for triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion, achieving the highest efficiency of 13.8%. In addition, thio-BTXI derivatives were used as photoinitiators for photopolymerization, resulting in a series of green light-activated radical polymerization systems.
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