Flubendiamide provokes oxidative stress, inflammation, miRNAs alteration, and cell cycle deregulation in human prostate epithelial cells: The attenuation impact of synthesized nano-selenium using Trichodermaaureoviride.

Flubendiamide (FBD) is a novel diamide insecticide extensively used with potential human health hazards. This research aimed to examine the effects of FBD on PrEC prostate epithelial cells, including Oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory responses, modifications in the expression of oncogenic and suppressor miRNAs and their target proteins, disruption of the cell cycle, and apoptosis. Additionally, the research investigated the potential alleviative effect of T-SeNPs, which are selenium nanoparticles biosynthesized by Trichoderma aureoviride, against the toxicity induced by FBD. Selenium nanoparticles were herein synthesized by Trichoderma aureoviride. The major capping metabolites in synthesized T-SeNPs were Isochiapin B and Quercetin 7,3',4'-trimethyl ether. T-SeNPs showed a spherical shape and an average size between 57 and 96.6 nm. FBD exposure (12 μM) for 14 days induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses via overexpression of NF-κB family members. It also distinctly caused upregulation of miR-221, miR-222, and E2F2, escorted by downregulation of miR-17, miR-20a, and P27. FBD encouraged PrEC cells to halt at the G/S checkpoint. Apoptotic cells were drastically increased in FBD-treated sets. Treatment of T-SeNPs simultaneously with FBD revealed its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities in counteracting FBD-induced toxicity. Our findings shed light on the potential FBD toxicity that may account for the neoplastic transformation of epithelial cells in the prostate and the mitigating activity of eco-friendly synthesized T-SeNPs.