AI Article Synopsis

  • Lichen, particularly the species Usnea aurantiacoatra found in Antarctica, demonstrates mutualistic symbiosis and adapts to extreme environments, but the mechanisms behind this adaptation are not fully understood.
  • Researchers sequenced the genome of U. aurantiacoatra and identified positively selected genes (PSGs) related to energy transport and storage, with a focus on transmembrane transport and vacuole components.
  • The study highlighted two significant protein interaction networks and confirmed the crucial role of the regulator of G-protein signaling gene (UaRgs1) in the lichen's cold resistance, suggesting insights into lichen adaptation at the molecular level.

Article Abstract

Lichen as mutualistic symbiosis is the dominant organism in various extreme terrestrial environment on Earth, however, the mechanisms of their adaptation to extreme habitats have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we chose the Antarctic dominant lichen species Usnea aurantiacoatra to generate a high-quality genome, carried out phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood and identify genes under positive selection. We performed functional enrichment analysis on the positively selected genes (PSGs) and found that most of the PSGs focused on transmembrane transporter activity and vacuole components. This suggest that the genes related to energy storage and transport in Antarctic U. aurantiacoatra were affected by environmental pressure. Inside of the 86 PSGs screened, two protein interaction networks were identified, which were RNA helicase related proteins and regulator of G-protein signaling related proteins. The regulator of the G-protein signaling gene (UaRGS1) was chosen to perform further verification by the lichen genetic manipulation system Umbilicaria muhlenbergii. Given that the absence of UmRgs1 resulted in elevated lethality to cold shock, the role for UaRgs1 in Antarctic U. aurantiacoatra resistance to cold can be inferred. The investigation of lichen adaptation to extreme environments at the molecular level will be opened up.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11386357PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s43008-024-00160-xDOI Listing

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