AI Article Synopsis
- Vacuum collected toilet wastewater (VCTW) presents challenges for biological treatment due to its high and variable organic and nitrogen content.
- A new process called partial nitrification-denitrification and anammox (PND-AMX) was tested in two reactors, achieving over 90% nitrogen removal, especially effective at temperatures above 18°C.
- In the moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR), specific bacteria (Candidatus Kuenenia) played a key role, and their cooperation with denitrifying bacteria enhanced the removal of various nitrogen compounds and chemical oxygen demand (COD).
Article Abstract
Vacuum collected toilet wastewater (VCTW) contains high and fluctuating contents of organics and nitrogen, which exerts technological challenges to biological treatment processes. A partial nitrification-denitrification and anammox (PND-AMX) process was developed in sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) to achieve effective nitrogen removal in VCTW at low ambient temperature. Stable PND was achieved, and nitrogen removal efficiency in SBR could be manipulated by adjusting influent COD/N ratios. As temperature ≥18 °C, 91.0% nitrogen was removed in PND-AMX process. In spite of the decreased anammox activity at 13-18 °C, more than 90% nitrogen removal could be obtained by adjusting SBR influent COD/N to 2.43 ± 0.32 with methanol. In MBBR reactor, Candidatus Kuenenia was the dominant anammox bacteria and contributed to more than 90% nitrogen removal capacity. Co-existing anammox and denitrifying bacteria synergistically contributed to the removal of ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, and COD in MBBR.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2024.119917 | DOI Listing |
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