Effect of pentavalent antimony compounds on the inflammatory, hematological and biochemical parameters in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate how systemic antimony treatment in cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) patients affects biochemical, hematological, and inflammatory parameters in child and adult patient groups.

Methods: A total of 50 patients (29 adults, 21 children) who received systemic meglumine antimonate (MA) treatment in the skin and venereal diseases clinic between September 2022 and January 2024 and were diagnosed with CL by microscopic examination were included in the study. The medical records of the patients were examined retrospectively. Before and after treatment, neutrophil count, leukocyte count, lymphocyte count, hemoglobin concentration, platelet count, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), amylase, lipase, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels were recorded.

Results: In the children group, lymphocyte and platelet values decreased statistically significantly; and lipase value increased statistically significantly after treatment. In the adult group; hemoglobin, neutrophil, lymphocyte and leukocyte values decreased statistically significantly; ALT, AST, amylase, lipase, NLR and PLR values increased statistically significantly after treatment.

Conclusion: Based on the data in our study, it was stated that systemic meglumine antimonate treatment may lead to an increase in pancreatic enzymes and transaminases and bone marrow suppression. We also think that patients in the adult age group should be followed more closely regarding pancreatic enzymes and kidney function tests than the pediatric age group.