AI Article Synopsis
- Bloodstains are important evidence in crime scenes, but there’s little research on how their lipid composition changes over time after being deposited.
- Researchers used high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to analyze blood samples from 15 healthy adults and found significant differences in lipid levels between fresh blood and bloodstains, particularly in membrane glycerophospholipids.
- The study identified 65 lipid species that changed over a 6-month period, showing increased instability of lipids, especially during the first 10 days, which could help in determining the age of bloodstains.
Article Abstract
Bloodstains are crucial pieces of physical evidences found at violent crime scenes, providing valuable information for reconstructing forensic cases. However, there is limited data on how bloodstain lipidomes change over time after deposition. Hence, we deployed a high-throughput high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) approach to construct lipidomic atlases of bloodstains, whole blood, plasma, and blood cells from 15 healthy adults. A time-course analysis was also performed on bloodstains deposited for up to 6 months at room temperature (~ 25°C). The molecular levels of 60 out of 400 detected lipid species differed dramatically between bloodstain and whole blood samples, with major disturbances observed in membrane glycerophospholipids. More than half of these lipids were prevalent in the cellular and plasmic fractions; approximately 27% and 10% of the identified lipids were uniquely derived from blood cells and plasma, respectively. Furthermore, a subset of 65 temporally dynamic lipid species arose across the 6-month room-temperature deposition period, with decreased triacylglycerols (TAGs) and increased lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) as representatives, accounting for approximately 8% of the total investigated lipids. The instability of lipids increased linearly with time, with the most variability observed in the first 10 days. This study sheds light on the impact of air-drying bloodstains on blood components at room temperature and provides a list of potential bloodstain lipid markers for determining the age of bloodstains.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00414-024-03330-z | DOI Listing |
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