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Ganaxolone: A Review in Epileptic Seizures Associated with Cyclin-Dependent Kinase-Like 5 Deficiency Disorder.
Paediatr Drugs
January 2025
Springer Nature, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay, Auckland, 0754, New Zealand.
Oral ganaxolone (ZTALMY), a synthetic analogue of the endogenous neuroactive steroid allopregnanolone, acts as a positive allosteric modulator of synaptic and extra-synaptic γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A receptor function in the CNS. In the EU and the UK, it is approved for the adjunctive treatment of epileptic seizures associated with cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 (CDKL5) deficiency disorder (CDD) in patients aged 2-17 years. In a multinational phase III study (Marigold), 17 weeks' therapy with adjunctive ganaxolone, administered orally three times daily with food, significantly reduced 28-day major motor seizure frequency from baseline versus placebo in patients aged 2-19 years with CDD-associated refractory epilepsy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEngineered tRNAs efficiently suppress CDKL5 premature termination codons.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate (Milan), 20054, Italy.
The CDKL5 deficiency disorder (CDD) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by early-onset epilepsy, intellectual disability, motor and visual dysfunctions. The causative gene is CDKL5, which codes for a kinase required for brain development. There is no cure for CDD patients; treatments are symptomatic and focus mainly on seizure control.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMeasuring the Burden of Epilepsy Hospitalizations in CDKL5 Deficiency Disorder.
Pediatr Neurol
November 2024
The Kids Research Institute Australia, The University of Western Australia, Northern Entrance, Western Australia, Australia. Electronic address:
Background: Information on the hospital service use among individuals with CDKL5 Deficiency Disorder, an ultrarare developmental epileptic encephalopathy, is limited, evidence of which could assist with service planning. Therefore, using baseline and longitudinal data on 379 genetically verified individuals in the International CDKL5 Disorder Database, we aimed to investigate rates of seizure-related and other hospitalizations and associated length of stay in this cohort.
Methods: Outcome variables were lifetime count of family-reported hospitalizations and average length of stay both for seizure- (management and/or investigative) and non-seizure-related causes.
Natural language processing and expert follow-up establishes tachycardia association with CDKL5 deficiency disorder.
Genet Med Open
November 2023
Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.
Purpose: CDKL5 deficiency disorder (CDD) is a developmental and epileptic encephalopathy with multisystemic comorbidities. Cardiovascular involvement in CDD was shown in animal models but is yet poorly described in CDD cohorts.
Methods: We identified 38 individuals with genetically confirmed CDD through the Cleveland Clinic CDD specialty clinic and matched 190 individuals with non-genetic epilepsy to them as a comparison group.
Article Synopsis
- CDKL5 deficiency disorder (CDD) is a rare condition caused by genetic variants in the CDKL5 gene that lead to issues with neuronal development and function, particularly impacting epilepsy.
- Research using patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells aimed to understand how these variants affect neurons, showing that while some aspects like neurite length appeared similar to controls, organoid-derived neurons exhibited increased network activity and excitability.
- The findings suggest that differences in neuronal behavior and gene expression are specific to excitatory cortical neurons, highlighting the potential for developing targeted therapies for CDD by exploring the molecular mechanisms behind early neuronal hyperexcitability.
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