AI Article Synopsis
- Gastrointestinal cancers account for about one-third of global cancer deaths, yet their overall impact has not been thoroughly analyzed.
- A study in 2021 found 5.26 million new cases and 3.70 million deaths from these cancers, with colorectal cancer being the most prevalent.
- While some types show a decrease in incidence, there's been a rise in colorectal, pancreatic, and liver cancer rates, highlighting the need for public health policies to address risk factors like alcohol consumption and metabolic diseases.
Article Abstract
Background: Gastrointestinal cancers comprise nearly one-third of global mortality from cancer, yet the comprehensive global burden of these cancers remains uninvestigated.
Objective: We aimed to assess the global, regional and national burden of gastrointestinal cancers.
Designs: Data on oesophagus, gastric, colorectal, liver, pancreas and biliary tract cancers were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 database. Age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardised death rate (ASDR) were calculated by sex, region and Sociodemographic Index (SDI).
Results: In 2021, there were 5.26 million incidences and 3.70 million deaths from gastrointestinal cancer. The greatest burden is from colorectal, followed by gastric, oesophageal, pancreatic, liver and biliary tract cancer. We noted geographical and socioeconomic differences in ASIR and ASDR across all types of cancers. From 2000 to 2021, ASIR increased for colorectal cancer (annual percent change (APC): 0.10%, 95% CI 0.05% to 0.14%), pancreatic cancer (APC: 0.27%, 95% CI 0.14% to 0.41%), and liver cancer from metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (APC: 0.62%, 95% CI 0.58% to 0.67%) and alcohol-related liver disease (APC: 0.26%, 95% CI 0.22% to 0.30%). ASDR increased for pancreatic cancer (APC: 0.18%, 95% CI 0.02% to 0.34%). Higher SDI countries had higher incidence rates for most types of gastrointestinal cancer.
Conclusions: Although the ASIR of oesophageal, gastric and biliary tract cancer has decreased, the ASIR still increased in colorectal, pancreatic and liver cancer from steatotic liver disease. Public policies are important for controlling gastrointestinal cancers-most importantly, reducing alcohol consumption, hepatitis B immunisation and tackling the burden of metabolic diseases.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2024-333227 | DOI Listing |
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