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Advances in fungal sugar transporters: unlocking the potential of second-generation bioethanol production.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil.
Second-generation (2G) bioethanol production, derived from lignocellulosic biomass, has emerged as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels by addressing growing energy demands and environmental concerns. Fungal sugar transporters (STs) play a critical role in this process, enabling the uptake of monosaccharides such as glucose and xylose, which are released during the enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass. This mini-review explores recent advances in the structural and functional characterization of STs in filamentous fungi and yeasts, highlighting their roles in processes such as cellulase induction, carbon catabolite repression, and sugar signaling pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacterisation of intestinal amino acid and oleic acid absorption and their interaction in the Pacific spiny dogfish (Squalus suckleyi).
J Comp Physiol B
January 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada.
Elasmobranchs are commonly carnivores and are important in energy transfer across marine ecosystems. Despite this, relatively few studies have examined the physiological underpinnings of nutrient acquisition in these animals. Here, we investigated the mechanisms of uptake at the spiral valve intestine for two representative amino acids (-alanine, -leucine) and one representative fatty acid (oleic acid), each common to the diet of a carnivore, the Pacific spiny dogfish (Squalus suckleyi).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of direct air capture in achieving climate-neutral aviation.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Institute for Environmental Decisions, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland.
Growing demand for air travel and limited scalable solutions pose significant challenges to the mitigation of aviation's climate change impact. Direct air capture (DAC) may gain prominence due to its versatile applications for either carbon removal (direct air carbon capture and storage, DACCS) or synthetic fuel production (direct air carbon capture and utilization, DACCU). Through a comprehensive and time-dynamic techno-economic assessment, we explore the conditions for synthetic fuels from DACCU to become cost-competitive with an emit-and-remove strategy based on DACCS under 2050 CO and climate neutrality targets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFModeling Hydrogen Markets: Energy System Model Development Status and Decarbonization Scenario Results.
Energy Clim Chang
December 2024
South China University of Technology, School of Future Technology, 777 Xingye Ave East, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511442, China.
Hydrogen can be used as an energy carrier and chemical feedstock to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, especially in difficult-to-decarbonize markets such as medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, aviation and maritime, iron and steel, and the production of fuels and chemicals. Significant literature has been accumulated on engineering-based assessments of various hydrogen technologies, and real-world projects are validating technology performance at larger scales and for low-carbon supply chains. While energy system models continue to be updated to track this progress, many are currently limited in their representation of hydrogen, and as a group they tend to generate highly variable results under decarbonization constraints.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTechnoeconomic evaluation of integrating hydrothermal liquefaction in wastewater treatment plants.
Bioresour Technol
December 2024
Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Hangøvej 2, Aarhus 8200, Denmark; WATEC - Center for Water Technology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, Aarhus 8000, Denmark. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- The study analyzes the economic feasibility of producing biocrude through hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) at decentralized plants linked to wastewater treatment facilities.
- The base case is based on a Danish WWTP serving 150,000 population equivalents, with results showing operational expenses as the largest cost factor.
- Biocrude production is estimated at 94 kg/h with a minimum selling price ranging from 0.9 to 1.8 €/kg, depending on the plant size, while factors such as biocrude yield and labor costs significantly impact pricing.
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