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Salmon Milt Extract Suppresses Glucose Uptake by Downregulating SGLT1 and GLUT2 Expression in Caco-2 Cells. | LitMetric

Salmon Milt Extract Suppresses Glucose Uptake by Downregulating SGLT1 and GLUT2 Expression in Caco-2 Cells.

Biol Pharm Bull

Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics & Therapeutics, Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University.

Published: September 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • Salmon milt extract (SME) is high in nucleotides and may help reduce obesity by inhibiting glucose absorption.
  • The study found that SME reduced the expression of sugar transporters SGLT1 and GLUT2 in Caco-2 cells, leading to decreased glucose uptake.
  • Additionally, the nucleotide dTMP specifically played a significant role in lowering the expression of these transporters, highlighting its potential impact on glucose metabolism.

Article Abstract

Salmon milt extract (SME) is rich in nucleotides, especially deoxyribonucleoside monophosphates (dNMPs), which has the potential to exert anti-obesity effects. Sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1 (SGLT1) and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) are responsible for absorbing sugar from the small intestine. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of SME on the functions of SGLT1 and GLUT2 and elucidate the mechanisms underlying the inhibition of glucose absorption by SME. We investigated the effect of SME on the expression and function of intestinal glucose transporters, using differentiated Caco-2 cells. SME treatment decreased the expression SGLT1 and GLUT2 mRNA and protein in Caco-2 cells. [C]-Labelled methyl-α-D-glucopyranoside and [H]-labelled 2-deoxy-D-glucose (DG) uptake into Caco-2 cells was significantly reduced by SME treatment. Similarly, the dNMP mixture containing the four mononucleotides 2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-monophosphate (dAMP), 2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate (dGMP), 2'-deoxycytidine 5'-monophosphate (dCMP), and 2'-deoxythymidine 5'-monophosphate (dTMP) decreased SGLT1 and GLUT2 expression. dNMP mixture-induced reduction in the mRNA expression of these transporters was suppressed when exposed to the mixture without dTMP. Furthermore, dNMP mixture-induced alterations in the expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-1α and HNF1β, which have been characterized as modulators of both transporters also showed a similar trend. dTMP treatment alone decreased GLUT2 expression, resulting in reduced [H] DG uptake by Caco-2 cells. SME decreased the expression of HNF1α, HNF1β, and its targets SGLT1 and GLUT2, resulting in reduced glucose uptake by Caco-2 cells. In addition, our results revealed that dTMP plays an important role in suppressing the expression of intestinal glucose transporters.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b24-00247DOI Listing

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