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Biomechanical changes in lumbar intervertebral discs after percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal discectomy surgery at different Body Mass Index (BMI) categories.
J Orthop Surg Res
December 2024
Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
Objective: Percutaneous Endoscopic Transforaminal Discectomy (PETD) is recognized as the leading surgical intervention for lumbar disc herniation (LDH). Moreover, Body Mass Index (BMI) has been established as an independent risk factor for disc reherniation post-PETD. Furthermore, there is a lack of studies investigating the biomechanical changes in the disc post-PETD in relation to diverse BMI levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDisorientation as a delirium feature in non-intubated patients: development and evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of the 'Confusion Assessment Method for Intermediate Care Unit' (CAM-IMC) - a prospective cohort study.
BMC Anesthesiol
December 2024
Fakultät VI - Medizin und Gesundheitswissenschaften, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- Disorientation is a key early sign of postoperative delirium (POD), which can lead to serious health issues, but existing tools like CAM-ICU can't assess disorientation in intubated patients.
- Researchers developed the Confusion Assessment Method for Intermediate Care Unit (CAM-IMC) by combining CAM-ICU variables with disorientation testing to improve POD diagnosis in non-intubated patients.
- In a study of 178 patients, CAM-IMC showed high diagnostic accuracy with a sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 94%, highlighting its reliability as a tool for identifying POD in postoperative settings.
Cavity-enhanced superconductivity in MgB from first-principles quantum electrodynamics (QEDFT).
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
December 2024
Theory Department, Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.
Strong laser pulses can control superconductivity, inducing nonequilibrium transient pairing by leveraging strong-light matter interaction. Here, we demonstrate theoretically that equilibrium ground-state phonon-mediated superconductive pairing can be affected through the vacuum fluctuating electromagnetic field in a cavity. Using the recently developed ab initio quantum electrodynamical density-functional theory approximation, we specifically investigate the phonon-mediated superconductive behavior of MgB[Formula: see text] under different cavity setups and find that in the strong light-matter coupling regime its superconducting transition temperature T[Formula: see text] can be enhanced at most by [Formula: see text]10% in an in-plane (or out-of-plane) polarized and realistic cavity via photon vacuum fluctuations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRelative State Counting for Semiclassical Black Holes.
Phys Rev Lett
November 2024
Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 182 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
It has been shown that entropy differences between certain states of perturbative quantum gravity can be computed without specifying an ultraviolet completion. This is analogous to the situation in classical statistical mechanics, where entropy differences are defined but absolute entropy is not. Unlike in classical statistical mechanics, however, the entropy differences computed in perturbative quantum gravity do not have a clear physical interpretation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNuclear Quantum Effects Have a Significant Impact on UV/Vis Absorption Spectra of Chromophores in Water.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
October 2024
Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780, Bochum, Germany.
Despite the broadly acknowledged importance of solvation effects on measured UV/Vis spectra in the context of solvatochromism or chemical reactions in solution, it is still an open challenge to calculate UV/Vis spectra with predictive accuracy. This is particularly true when it comes to the impact of nuclear quantum effects on these experimental observables. In the present work, we calculate the UV/Vis absorption spectrum of indole in aqueous solution with a combination of a correlated wavefunction method for computing electronic excitation energies and enhanced path integral simulations for rigorous sampling of nuclear configurations including the quantum effects in solution.
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