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Photodegradation Processes and Weathering Products of Microfibers in Aquatic Environments. | LitMetric

Photodegradation Processes and Weathering Products of Microfibers in Aquatic Environments.

Environ Sci Technol

School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin─Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53204, United States.

Published: September 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • Microplastics, especially microfibers (MFs), are harmful to the environment, but their degradation processes and impact are not well understood.
  • This study analyzed the photodegradation of three common types of MFs—polyester, nylon, and acrylic—to explore how they break down and what byproducts are formed.
  • Results showed that as MFs degraded, there was an increase in organic carbon release and changes in their physical and chemical structure, indicating differences in how each type of MF reacts to sunlight.

Article Abstract

Microplastics, particularly microfibers (MFs), pose a significant threat to the environment. Despite their widespread presence, the photochemical reactivity, weathering products, and environmental fate of MFs remain poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, photodegradation experiments were conducted on three prevalent MFs: polyester (POL), nylon (NYL), and acrylic (ACR), to elucidate their degradation pathways, changes in surface morphology and polymer structure, and chemical and colloidal characterization of weathering products during photochemical degradation of MFs. The results showed that concentrations of dissolved organic carbon, chromophoric dissolved organic matter (DOM), and fluorescent components consistently increased during weathering, exhibiting a continuous release of DOM. Scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy revealed changes in the surface morphology and polymer spectra of the MFs. During the weathering experiments, DOM aromaticity (SUVA) decreased, while spectral slope increased, indicating concurrent DOM release and degradation of aromatic components. The released DOM or nanoplastics were negatively charged with sizes between 128 and 374 nm. The production rate constants of DOM or the photochemical reactivity of MFs followed the order ACR > NYL ≥ POL, consistent with their differences in chemical structures. These findings provide an improved understanding of the photochemical reactivity, degradation pathways, weathering products, and environmental fate of microfibers in the environment.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c03667DOI Listing

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