Mercapto-, methylthio-, methylsulfinyl- and methysulfonyl metabolites of PCBs 2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl, 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene and some other chlorobenzenes were identified in adipose tissues of mice, rats and guinea pigs by using GC/MS/COM systems. By means of administration of CD3-methionine, it was confirmed that the methyl group in methylthio metabolites was derived from the methionine. Moreover, after pretreatment with either esterification of urinary metabolites in guinea pigs with 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene and 1,3-dichlorobenzene or N-acetylation after esterification, it was confirmed that cysteinylglycine, cysteine, N-acetylcysteine, cysteamine, mercaptopyruvate, mercaptolactate, mercaptacetate, thiol and disulfide conjugates were detected as a serial modified derivatives of glutathione moiety. These results are summarized as a metabolic proposed pathway of halogenated aromatic compounds. Three routes in pathway correspond to oxygenation (initial route), glutathione thioether disposition (intermediate route) and sulfoxydation (final route) in connection with both reactive intermediates of epoxide and thiol. Methylation of the thiol by S-adenosylmethionine may be important in inhibiting covalent binding of reactive intermediates with biocomponents, similar to the glutathione conjugation for the detoxification of epoxide.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.59-1568084 | DOI Listing |
Vaccines (Basel)
December 2024
Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Gvardeiskiy 080409, Kazakhstan.
The research conducted in this preclinical study assesses QazCovid-live, a live attenuated COVID-19 vaccine created in Kazakhstan, by conducting preclinical evaluations of safety, immunogenicity, and allergenicity in various animal models, including mice, rats, hamsters, and guinea pigs. The vaccine, developed by attenuating SARS-CoV-2 via numerous Vero cell passages, had no significant adverse effects in acute and subacute toxicity assessments, even at elevated dosages. Allergenicity testing indicated the absence of both immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrients
December 2024
Food Chemistry and Nutraceutical Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
Background: Three herbal extracts ( Willd., Lorentz, and L.) were mixed with three essential oils ( Mill.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Research, Orlando College of Osteopathic Medicine, Winter Garden, USA.
The Pap smear is widely recognized in medicine as the single most successful contributor to cancer screening and preventative care. Women have Dr. George Papanicolaou (1870-1962) to thank for this groundbreaking contribution to their healthcare-a discovery that, fascinatingly, was made incidentally during his study of ovulation cycles in guinea pigs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVet Pathol
January 2025
Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Türkiye.
This report describes cardiovascular and renal soft tissue mineralization and renal intratubular crystals in 13 out of 16 guinea pigs that were given very hard drinking water for 9 months. These animals, aged 14 to 20 months, were experimentally naïve. No clinical symptoms were observed, but 1 guinea pig was found dead in its cage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTissue Cell
December 2024
ENT Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt. Electronic address:
Background: Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is the most common sensory deficit worldwide. Current solutions for SNHL, including hearing aids, cochlear implants, and hearing assistive devices, do not provide consistent results and fail to address the underlying pathology of hair cell and ganglion cell damage. Stem cell therapy is a cornerstone in regenerative medicine.
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