AI Article Synopsis
- - Melasma is a chronic skin condition that causes increased pigmentation and affects many people worldwide, but its exact causes are not fully understood.
- - Key skin changes involved in melasma include issues with the skin barrier, damage to the basement membrane, and various changes in the dermis like aging cells and blood vessel alterations.
- - The article also discusses possible treatments and highlights the need for further research into the role of systemic factors, such as hormones and oxidative stress, in melasma development.
Article Abstract
Melasma is an acquired chronic pigmentary disorder affecting millions of individuals worldwide. However, the pathogenesis of melasma remains unclear. This article provides a comprehensive review of the pathophysiological changes occurring in the skin microenvironment of melasma lesions, which can be summarized as follows: (1) skin barrier dysfunction and abnormal synthesis, transport, and intracellular distribution of melanin in the epidermis; (2) basement membrane damage; (3) solar elastosis, vascular changes, senescent fibroblasts, mast cell infiltration, and sebocyte participation in the dermis; and (4) systemic factors such as sex hormones and oxidative stress. Furthermore, potential therapeutic strategies are introduced to provide novel perspectives for fundamental and clinical research related to melasma.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijd.17453 | DOI Listing |
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