The Kullback-Leibler divergence is a measure of the divergence between two probability distributions, often used in statistics and information theory. However, exact expressions for it are not known for multivariate or matrix-variate distributions apart from a few cases. In this paper, exact expressions for the Kullback-Leibler divergence are derived for over twenty multivariate and matrix-variate distributions. The expressions involve various special functions.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e26080663 | DOI Listing |
As a low-energy method to increase the data rate of optical links in data centers, we propose self-homodyne Nyquist optical time division multiplexing (OTDM). In Nyquist OTDM, spectrally efficient high-baud rate signals can be generated exceeding the limit of electronic signal processing. However, full integration of OTDM systems has not been reported, mainly because of the complicated signal detection scheme, which involves demultiplexing and clock recovery.
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Laboratory of Structural Proteomics, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Pogodinskaya, Moscow, Russia.
The proteins expressed during the cell cycle determine cell function and ensure signaling pathway activation in response to environmental influences. Developments in structural biology, biophysics, and bioinformatics provide information on the structure and function of particular proteins including that on the structural changes in proteins due to post-translational modification (PTM) and amino acid substitutions (AAS), which is essential for understanding protein function and life cycle. These are PTMs and AASs that often modulate the function and alter the stability and localization of a protein in a cell.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Mol Life Sci
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Department of Endocrinology, Central South University Third Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China.
Pancreatic β-cell damage is a critical pathological mechanism in the progression of obese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the exact underlying mechanism remains unclear. We established an obese T2DM mouse model via high-fat diet feeding.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116021, China.
The constantly emerging evidence indicates a close association between coronary artery disease (CAD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the exact mechanisms underlying their mutual relationship remain undefined. This study aims to explore the common signature genes, potential mechanisms, diagnostic markers, and therapeutic targets for CAD and NAFLD.
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January 2025
Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China; Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230026, Anhui Province, China. Electronic address:
The excessive proliferation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) leads to synovial hyperplasia, a key pathological hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Eupalinolide B (EB), a sesquiterpene lactone of Eupatorium lindleyanum DC., has anti-inflammatory effects and anti-proliferative activity in tumor cells.
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