Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) derived from microalgae are considered a promising alternative bioplastic material to replace synthetic plastics. This study evaluated the effects of various drying techniques (sun, freeze, oven and air drying) on PHB recovery from microalgae. Freeze drying recovered the maximum PHBs (6.2%) followed by sun drying (5.2%), air drying (2.3%), oven drying (2%), and the lowest in wet biomass (1.2%). The most energy-intensive drying method was freeze drying (26.83 kW) followed by oven drying (3 kW) while the other methods did not require energy. The minimum time requirement for drying was oven drying (6 h), followed by freeze drying (24 h), sun drying (48-72 h), and air drying (96-120 h) while wet biomass did not require time. In terms of PHB yield per unit time, oven (0.33%/h) is a more effective drying technique than freeze drying (0.25%/h) which produces 24.24% higher PHB yield per unit time. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) confirmed PHB structure and thermal stability up to 300 °C from dried biomasses compared to wet biomass at 200 °C. This study indicated that drying techniques significantly influence the PHB recovery from microalgae biomass. Findings also revealed that the oven dried technique can be efficiently scaled up for PHB recovery.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124821 | DOI Listing |
SAGE Open Nurs
December 2024
General Nursing Department, Nurses and Midwives Training College, Tamale, Ghana.
Introduction: The World Health Organization emphasizes that neonatal resuscitation performed in the first "golden minute" following birth can influence both immediate and long-term outcomes of newborns, especially asphyxiated ones. The modes of resuscitation, which is an evidenced-based practice, require evaluation to identify their effectiveness.
Objectives: This study evaluated neonatal resuscitation techniques and their effectiveness in the management of asphyxiated neonates during the perinatal period.
Front Vet Sci
November 2024
Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.
Sjogren's disease, well-described in people, is rarely identified in veterinary species. In people, Sjogren's disease is one of the most common systemic autoimmune disorders with an incidence of 0.5% in the female population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis, Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
Aerogel fibers uniting characteristics of both aerogels (lightweight and porosity) and fibers (flexibility and wearability) exhibit a great potential for the production of the next generation of thermal protection textiles; still, the complex drying procedures and mechanical brittleness remain the main obstacles toward further exploitation. Herein, flexible and robust aramid nanofiber aerogel fibers (ANAFs) are scalably prepared by continuous wet-spinning coupled with fast air-drying. This synthesis involves calcium ions (Ca⁺) cross-linking and solvent displacement by low surface tension solvents, to enhance skeleton strength and reduce the capillary force during evaporation, respectively, thus minimizing shrinkage to 29.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biomater Sci Polym Ed
December 2024
Department of Pharmaceutics, Dr. Prabhakar B Kore Basic Science Research Center, Off-campus, KLE College of Pharmacy (A constituent unit of KAHER-Belagavi), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Zaltoprofen (ZAL) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with a short half-life (∼2.8 h) due to extensive first pass metabolism. In this context, 16 different polymeric film forming solutions (PFFS) of ZAL were developed using different grades of Eudragits, Polyvinylpyrrolidones, Kollicoat MAE 100 P and Hydroxypropyl cellulose as film formers, and polyethylene glycol 400 as a plasticizer in equal parts of ethanol and isopropyl alcohol used as solvents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Pharm Bull (Tokyo)
December 2024
Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University.
A co-amorphous state composed of probucol (PC) and fluvastatin sodium salt (FLU) was prepared by spray-drying (SD). We have previously reported that PC and atorvastatin calcium trihydrate salt (ATO) formed a co-amorphous state when prepared by a SD method and that the solubility of PC and the amorphous stability were improved by the preparation of the co-amorphous state. In the present study, the physicochemical properties, including the amorphous stability of the prepared co-amorphous state, were characterized.
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