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Dear enemy effects in the stoplight parrotfish, Sparisoma viride.
Ecology
October 2024
Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Size matters: Natural experiments suggest the dear enemy effect is moderated by pack size in African wild dogs.
Ecol Evol
April 2024
Botswana Predator Conservation, Wild Entrust Africa Maun Botswana.
Remote monitoring of communal marking sites, or latrines, provides a unique opportunity to observe undisturbed scent marking behaviour of African wild dogs (). We used remote camera trap observations in a natural experiment to test behavioural scent mark responses to rivals (either familiar neighbours or unfamiliar strangers), to determine whether wild dogs exhibit the "dear enemy" or "nasty neighbour" response. Given that larger groups of wild dogs represent a greater threat to smaller groups, including for established residents, we predicted that the overarching categories "dear enemy" vs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeighbour-stranger discrimination in an African wood dove inhabiting equatorial rainforest.
Sci Rep
February 2024
Department of Behavioural Ecology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
We investigated within- and between-individual song variation and song-based neighbour-stranger discrimination in a non-learning bird species, the blue-headed wood-dove (Turtur brehmeri), which inhabits lowland rainforests of West and Central Africa. We found that songs of this species are individually specific and have a high potential for use in individual recognition based on the time-frequency pattern of note distribution within song phrases. To test whether these differences affect behaviour, we conducted playback experiments with 19 territorial males.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHow it ends: A review of behavioral and psychological phenomena, physiological processes and neural circuits in the termination of aggression in other animals and anger in people.
Behav Brain Res
January 2024
University of Minnesota, United States. Electronic address:
More is known about aggression initiation and persistence in other animals, and anger in people, than about their cessation. This review summarizes knowledge of relevant factors in aggression, mostly in vertebrates, and anger termination in people. The latency, probability and intensity of offensive aggression in mice is controlled by activity in a neuronal subpopulation in ventromedial hypothalamus [VMH].
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHorneros consider their neighbors as precious foes regardless of territory size and human disturbance.
Behav Processes
October 2023
Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil.
Research on neighbor-stranger discrimination theory has revealed the significance of social context and biological traits affecting the mechanisms that drive social discrimination, such as the dear enemy or nasty neighbor effects (strangers or neighbors more threatening, respectively). Nevertheless, the effects of territory size and human activity on neighbor-stranger experiments have yet to be explored. By examining behavioral responses to spontaneous duets of neighbors and playbacks of strangers' duets, we tested whether rufous horneros (Furnarius rufus) in smaller territories show heightened aggression, responding more strongly to strangers and less to neighbors than those in larger territories.
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