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Hydroelectrolytic and nutritional needs of infants with epidermolysis bullosa during the first month of life. | LitMetric

Hydroelectrolytic and nutritional needs of infants with epidermolysis bullosa during the first month of life.

Eur J Dermatol

Department of Neonatology, APHP, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France, Paris Cite University, Paris, France.

Published: August 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • Infants with severe epidermolysis bullosa (EB) often face dehydration and malnutrition, but their nutritional needs are not well studied.
  • A study looked at 27 newborns with EB to assess their nutritional status and found many had low sodium levels and needed extra fluids and sodium.
  • The results suggest that these infants require higher food and nutrient intake than usual to grow properly and stay healthy, especially during their first month of life.

Article Abstract

Dehydration and malnutrition are common in infants with severe epidermolysis bullosa (EB), but their nutritional needs have been poorly studied. The principal aim was to assess the nutritional status, fluid and electrolyte balance, and nutritional intake of newborns with EB during the first month of life and estimate their needs during this period. This was a retrospective study over an eight-year period. Inclusion criteria were neonates with confirmed EB admitted to our neonatal referral unit during the first month of life. Exclusion criteria were hospitalisations <7 days. Twenty-seven patients with EB (mean [min-max] gestational age = 39 weeks [33; 41]; birth weight = 2986 g [1982; 4150]), were included. Four patients (15%) had hyponatraemia < 135 mmol/L at admission (age at admission = 4.8 days +/- 2.6 [2; 7]). Sixteen patients (59%) had a sodium deficit -requiring fluid and sodium intake well above recommendations from the World Health Organisation (WHO). The risk of hyponatraemia was significantly higher in infants with the greatest body surface area affected but did not appear to be related to EB subtype. Caloric and protein intake were well above the WHO's recommendations, preventing acquired growth restriction. The rate of sodium deficit in neonates with EB is high and related to the significance of skin exudate. The administration of nutrient intake greater than that recommended helps to prevent acquired growth restriction. We propose recommendations for nutritional intake and monitoring in neonates with EB in the first month of life.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/ejd.2024.4736DOI Listing

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