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Very low doses of rituximab in autoimmune hemolytic anemia-an open-label, phase II pilot trial.
Front Med (Lausanne)
December 2024
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Introduction: Although rituximab is approved for several autoimmune diseases, no formal dose finding studies have been conducted. The amount of CD20+ cells differs significantly between autoimmune diseases and B-cell malignancies. Hence, dose requirements of anti-CD20 therapies may differ accordingly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTreatment of cattle with ivermectin and its effect on dung degradation and larval abundance in a tropical savanna setting.
One Health
June 2025
Department of Entomology, Virgina Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
When ingested as part of a blood meal, the antiparasitic drug ivermectin kills mosquitoes, making it a candidate for mass drug administration (MDA) in humans and livestock to reduce malaria transmission. When administered to livestock, most ivermectin is excreted unmetabolized in the dung within 5 days post administration. Presence of ivermectin, has been shown to adversely affect dung colonizers and dung degradation in temperate settings; however, those findings may not apply to, tropical environment, where ivermectin MDA against malaria would occur.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBeyond Fang's fury: a computational study of the enzyme-membrane interaction and catalytic pathway of the snake venom phospholipase A toxin.
Chem Sci
January 2025
LAQV/Requimte, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n 4169-007 Porto Portugal
Snake venom-secreted phospholipases A (svPLAs) are critical, highly toxic enzymes present in almost all snake venoms. Upon snakebite envenomation, svPLAs hydrolyze cell membrane phospholipids and induce pathological effects such as paralysis, myonecrosis, inflammation, or pain. Despite its central importance in envenomation, the chemical mechanism of svPLAs is poorly understood, with detrimental consequences for the design of small-molecule snakebite antidotes, which is highly undesirable given the gravity of the epidemiological data that ranks snakebite as the deadliest neglected tropical disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpact and cost-effectiveness of scaling up HCV testing and treatment strategies for achieving HCV elimination among people who inject drugs in England: a mathematical modelling study.
Lancet Reg Health Eur
February 2025
Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Background: England aims to reach the World Health Organization (WHO) elimination target of decreasing HCV incidence among people who inject drugs (PWID) to <2 per 100 person-years (/100pyrs) by 2030. We assessed what testing and treatment strategies will achieve this target and whether they are cost-effective.
Methods: A dynamic deterministic HCV transmission model among PWID was developed for four England regions, utilising data on the scale-up of HCV treatment among PWID in prisons, drug treatment centres (DTC, where opioid agonist therapy is provided), and any other setting (e.
Exploring perceptions and attitudes towards vaccines in a remote western DRC health zone.
Vaccine X
January 2025
Global Health Institute, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) struggles with low full childhood vaccination coverage (around 50 %) and a high children-under-five mortality rate (79 deaths per 1000 live births). This situation is potentially exacerbated by vaccine hesitancy, which was identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of the top 10 global health threats in 2019. To gain deeper insights into levels of vaccine confidence possibly influencing vaccination coverage, we explored perceptions and attitudes towards childhood and adult vaccines in Boende (Tshuapa province, western DRC), which experienced an Ebola outbreak in 2014 and hosted the EBL2007 Ebola vaccine trial (2019-2022).
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